Nitroprusside

Risk Factor: C
Class: CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS / Antihypertensives / Other Antihypertensives

Contents of this page:

Fetal Risk Summary
Breast Feeding Summary
References
Questions and Answers

Fetal Risk Summary

No reports linking the use of sodium nitroprusside with congenital defects have been located. Nitroprusside has been used in pregnancy to produce deliberate hypotension during aneurysm surgery or to treat severe hypertension (1,2,3,4,6,7 and 8). Transient fetal bradycardia was the only adverse effect noted (1). One advantage of nitroprusside is the very rapid onset of action and the return to pretreatment blood pressure levels when the drug is stopped (8). Balanced against this is the potential accumulation of cyanide in the fetus.

Nitroprusside crosses the placenta and produces fetal cyanide concentrations higher than maternal levels in animals (9). This effect has not been studied in humans. A 1984 article reviewed the potential fetal toxicity of nitroprusside (6). Avoidance of prolonged use and the monitoring of serum pH, plasma cyanide, red blood cell cyanide, and methemoglobin levels in the mother were recommended. Standard doses of nitroprusside apparently do not pose a major risk of excessive accumulation of cyanide in the fetal liver (6).

Breast Feeding Summary

No data are available.

References

Donchin Y, Amirav B, Sahar A, Yarkoni S. Sodium nitroprusside for aneurysm surgery in pregnancy. Br J Anaesth 1978;50:84951.
Paull J. Clinical report of the use of sodium nitroprusside in severe preeclampsia. Anesth Intensive Care 1975;3:72.
Rigg D, McDonogh A. Use of sodium nitroprusside for deliberate hypotension during pregnancy. Br J Anaesth 1981;53:9857.
Willoughby JS. Case reports: Sodium nitroprusside, pregnancy and multiple intracranial aneurysms. Anaesth Intensive Care 1984;12:35860.
Stempel JE, O'Grady JP, Morton MJ, Johnson KA. Use of sodium nitroprusside in complications of gestational hypertension. Obstet Gynecol 1982;60:5338.
Shoemaker CT, Meyers M. Sodium nitroprusside for control of severe hypertensive disease of pregnancy: a case report and discussion of potential toxicity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1984;149:1713.
Willoughby JS. Review article: sodium nitroprusside, pregnancy and multiple intracranial aneurysms. Anaesth Intensive Care 1984;12:3517.
de Swiet M. Antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy. Br Med J 1985;291:3656.
Lewis PE, Cefalo RC, Naulty JS, Rodkey RL. Placental transfer and fetal toxicity of sodium nitroprusside. Gynecol Invest 1977;8:46.

Questions and Answers

What is the clinical significance of the Sodium Nitroprusside Test?,

Sodium nitroprusside detects cysteine in the urine (cystinuria). The -SH group reacts with Na3Fe(CN)5NO to give a red color.

Write the structure and IUPAC name of sodium nitroprusside?,

Wiki it - all the info is there.
Sodium pentacyanonitrosylferrate(III).
There is some interesting info there too.

what is the result of the reaction of Phenyl hydrazine, oxidized solution, Na nitroprusside and NaOH?,

satureated hydrocarbon

what can be an alternative drug for nitroprusside?,

Fenoldopam-check this website out. http://daccx.bsd.uchicago.edu/drug/bulle... This drug can be more vascular friendly to the renal system.

what is nitroprusside neurotransmitter?,

Perhaps the links below can help....

what is the drug of choice to deecrease after-load and preload?, of the following choices
verapamil
dopamine
nitroprusside
digitoxin

Nitroprusside is the answer since it causes arterial and venous dilatation causing a decrease in preload and afterload. Nipride is being used in the ICU set-up.

The detection of sulphur in an organic compound by Lassaigne test, purple colouration is developed.....?, The detection of sulphur in an organic compound by Lassaigne test, purple colouration is developed with addition of sodium nitroprusside; the compound formed is

1. Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3

2. [Fe (H2O)5NO]

3. PbS

4. Na4[Fe(CN)5NOS]

4. is correct.

It's nice to see some good (old-fashioned) chemistry still being done. :-)

What are the hazard symbols for the ff. chemicals?, ethyl alcohol
sucrose
sodium chloride
naphthalene
urea
benzoic acid
aniline
ether
sodium hydroxide sol'n
sodium bicarbonate
hydrochloric acid
sulfuric acid
phosphoric acid
stearic acid
butyl alcohol
nitric acid
silver nitrate
barium chloride
salicylic acid
sodium sulfate
picric acid
potassium permanganate
methane
ethane
acetylene
chloroform
iodoform
calcium carbide
sodium acetate
formaldehyde
sodium nitroprusside
acetic acid
isoprophyl alcohol
cathecol
phenol
benzene
thymol
naphthol
hydrogen oxide