Vitamin B12

 Risk Factor: A*
 Class: VITAMINS

Contents of this page:

Fetal Risk Summary
Breast Feeding Summary
References
Questions and Answers

Fetal Risk Summary

Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), a water-soluble B complex vitamin, is an essential nutrient required for nucleoprotein and myelin synthesis, cell reproduction, normal growth, and the maintenance of normal erythropoiesis (1). The National Academy of Sciences' recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin B12 in pregnancy is 2.2 g (1).

Vitamin B12 is actively transported to the fetus (2,3,4,5 and 6). This process is responsible for the progressive decline of maternal levels that occurs during pregnancy (6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13 and 14). Fetal demands for the vitamin have been estimated to be approximately 0.3 g/day (0.2 nmol/day) (15). Similar to other B complex vitamins, higher concentrations of B12 are found in the fetus and newborn than in the mother (5,6,7,8 and 9,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23 and 24). At term, mean vitamin B12 levels in 174 mothers were 115 pg/mL and in their newborns 500 pg/mL, a newborn:maternal ratio of 4.3 (16). Comparable values have been observed by others (5,7,21,22 and 23). Mean levels in 51 Brazilian women, in their newborns, and in the intervillous space of their placentas were approximately 340, 797, and 1074 pg/mL, respectively (24). The newborn:maternal ratio in this report was 2.3. The high levels in the placenta may indicate a mechanism by which the fetus can accumulate the vitamin against a concentration gradient. This study also found a highly significant correlation between vitamin B12 and folate concentrations. This is in contrast to an earlier report that did not find such a correlation in women with megaloblastic anemia (25).

Maternal deficiency of vitamin B12 is common during pregnancy (16,17,26,27). Tobacco smoking reduces maternal levels of the vitamin even further (28). Megaloblastic anemia may result when the deficiency is severe, but it responds readily to therapy (29,30,31 and 32). On the other hand, tropical macrocytic anemia during pregnancy responds erratically to vitamin B12 therapy and is better treated with folic acid (32,33).

Megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia may be a cause of infertility (30,31,34). One report described a mother with undiagnosed pernicious anemia who had lost her 3rd, 9th, and 10th pregnancies (30). A healthy child resulted from her 11th pregnancy following treatment with vitamin B12. In another study, eight infertile women with pernicious anemia were treated with vitamin B12 and seven became pregnant within 1 year of therapy (31). One of three patients in still another report may have had infertility associated with very low vitamin B12 levels (34).

Vitamin B12 deficiency was associated with prematurity (as defined by a birth weight of 2500 g or less) in a 1968 paper (9). However, many of the patients who delivered prematurely had normal or elevated vitamin B12 levels. No correlation between vitamin B12 deficiency and abruptio placentae was found in two studies published in the 1960s (35,36). Two reports found a positive association between low birth weight and low vitamin B12 levels (21,37). In both instances, however, folate levels were also low and iron was deficient in one. Others could not correlate low vitamin B12 concentrations with the weight at delivery (11,26). Based on these reports, it is doubtful whether vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with any of the conditions.

In experimental animals, vitamin B12 deficiency is teratogenic (7,38). Investigators studying the cause of neural tube defects measured very low vitamin B12 levels in three of four mothers of anencephalic fetuses (39). Additional evidence led them to conclude that the low vitamin B12 resulted in depletion of maternal folic acid and involvement in the origin of the defects. In contrast, two other reports have shown no relationship between low levels of vitamin B12 and congenital malformations (9,19).

No reports linking high doses of vitamin B12 with maternal or fetal complications have been located. Vitamin B12 administration at term has produced maternal levels approaching 50,000 pg/mL with corresponding cord blood levels of approximately 15,000 pg/mL (4,5). In fetal methylmalonic acidemia, large doses of vitamin B12, 10 mg orally initially then changed to 5 mg IM, were administered daily to a mother to treat the affected fetus (40). On this dosage regimen, maternal levels rose as high as 18,000 pg/mL shortly after a dose. This metabolic disorder is not always treatable with vitamin B12: one study reported a newborn with the vitamin B12unresponsive form of methylmalonic acidemia (41).

In summary, severe maternal vitamin B12 deficiency may result in megaloblastic anemia with subsequent infertility and poor pregnancy outcome. Less severe maternal deficiency apparently is common and does not pose a significant risk to the mother or fetus. Ingestion of vitamin B12 during pregnancy up to the RDA either via the diet or by supplementation is recommended.

[*Risk Factor C if used in doses above the RDA.]

Breast Feeding Summary

Vitamin B12 is excreted into human breast milk. In the first 48 hours after delivery, mean colostrum levels were 2431 pg/mL and then fell rapidly to concentrations comparable to those of normal serum (42). One group of investigators also observed very high colostrum levels ranging from 6 to 17.5 times that of milk (2). Milk:plasma ratios are approximately 1.0 during lactation (19). Reported milk concentrations of vitamin B12 vary widely (43,44,45 and 46). Mothers supplemented with daily doses of 1200 g had milk levels increase from a level of 79 to a level of 100 pg/mL (43). Milk concentrations were directly proportional to dietary intake. In a study using 8-g/day supplements, mean milk levels of 1650 pg/mL at 1 week and 1100 pg/mL at 6 weeks were measured (44). Corresponding levels in unsupplemented mothers were significantly different at 1220 and 610 pg/mL, respectively. Other investigators also used 8-g/day supplements and found significantly different levels compared with women not receiving supplements: 910 vs. 700 pg/mL at 1 week and 790 vs. 550 pg/mL at 6 weeks (45). In contrast, others found no difference between supplemented and unsupplemented well-nourished women with 5100 g/day (46). The mean vitamin B12 concentration in these latter patients was 970 pg/mL. A 1983 English study measured vitamin B12 levels in pooled human milk obtained from preterm (26 mothers: 2934 weeks) and term (35 mothers: 39 weeks or longer) patients (47). Milk from preterm mothers decreased from 920 pg/mL (colostrum) to 220 pg/mL (16196 days), whereas milk from term mothers decreased over the same period from a level of 490 to a level of 230 pg/mL.

Vitamin B12 deficiency in the lactating mother may cause severe consequences in the nursing infant. Several reports have described megaloblastic anemia in infants exclusively breast-fed by vitamin B12deficient mothers (48,49,50,51 and 52). Many of these mothers were vegetarians whose diets provided low amounts of the vitamin (49,50,51 and 52). The adequacy of vegetarian diets in providing sufficient vitamin B12 has been debated (53,54 and 55). However, a recent report measured only 1.4 g of vitamin B12 intake/day in lactovegetarians (56). This amount is approximately 54% of the RDA for lactating women in the United States (1). Moreover, a 1986 case of vitamin B12induced anemia supports the argument that the low vitamin B12 intake of some vegetarian diets is inadequate to meet the total needs of a nursing infant for this vitamin (57). The case involved a 7-month-old male infant, exclusively breast-fed by a strict vegetarian mother, who was diagnosed as suffering from macrocytic anemia. The infant was lethargic, irritable, and failing to thrive. His vitamin B12 level was less than 100 pg/mL (normal 180960 pg/mL), but iron and folate levels were both within normal limits. The anemia responded rapidly to administration of the vitamin, and he was developing normally at 11 months of age (57).

The National Academy of Sciences' RDA for vitamin B12 during lactation is 2.6 g (1). If the diet of the lactating woman adequately supplies this amount, maternal supplementation with vitamin B12 is not needed. Supplementation with the RDA for vitamin B12 is recommended for those women with inadequate nutritional intake. The American Academy of Pediatrics considers maternal consumption of the vitamin to be compatible with breast feeding (58).

References

1. American Hospital Formulary Service. Drug Information 1997. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1997:28203.
2. Luhby AL, Cooperman JM, Donnenfeld AM, Herrero JM, Teller DN, Wenig JB. Observations on transfer of vitamin B12 from mother to fetus and newborn. Am J Dis Child 1958;96:5323.
3. Hill EP, Longo LD. Dynamics of maternal-fetal nutrient transfer. Fed Proc 1980;39:23944.
4. Kaminetzky HA, Baker H, Frank O, Langer A. The effects of intravenously administered water-soluble vitamins during labor in normovitaminemic and hypovitaminemic gravidas on maternal and neonatal blood vitamin levels at delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1974;120:697703.
5. Frank O, Walbroehl G, Thomson A, Kaminetzky H, Kubes Z, Baker H. Placental transfer: fetal retention of some vitamins. Am J Clin Nutr 1970;23:6623.
6. Luhby AL, Cooperman JM, Stone ML, Slobody LB. Physiology of vitamin B12 in pregnancy, the placenta, and the newborn. Am J Dis Child 1961;102:7534.
7. Baker H, Ziffer H, Pasher I, Sobotka H. A Comparison of maternal and foetal folic acid and vitamin B12 at parturition. Br Med J 1958;1:9789.
8. Boger WP, Bayne GM, Wright LD, Beck GD. Differential serum vitamin B12 concentrations in mothers and infants. N Engl J Med 1957;256:10857.
9. Temperley IJ, Meehan MJM, Gatenby PBB. Serum vitamin B12 levels in pregnant women. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 1968;75:5116.
10. Boger WP, Wright LD, Beck GD, Bayne GM. Vitamin B12: correlation of serum concentrations and pregnancy. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1956;92:1403.
11. Martin JD, Davis RE, Stenhouse N. Serum folate and vitamin B12 levels in pregnancy with particular Reference to uterine bleeding and bacteriuria. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 1967;74:697701.
12. Ball EW, Giles C. Folic acid and vitamin B12 levels in pregnancy and their relation to megaloblastic anaemia. J Clin Pathol 1964;17:16574.
13. Izak G, Rachmilewitz M, Stein Y, Berkovici B, Sadovsky A, Aronovitch Y, Grossowicz N. Vitamin B12 and iron deficiencies in anemia of pregnancy and puerperium. Arch Intern Med 1957;99:34655.
14. Edelstein T, Metz J. Correlation between vitamin B12 concentration in serum and muscle in late pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 1969;76:5458.
15. Herbert V. Recommended dietary intakes (RDI) of vitamin B-12 in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 1987;45:6718.
16. Baker H, Frank O, Thomson AD, Langer A, Munves ED, De Angelis B, Kaminetzky HA. Vitamin profile of 174 mothers and newborns at parturition. Am J Clin Nutr 1975;28:5965.
17. Kaminetzky HA, Baker H. Micronutrients in pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1977;20:36380.
18. Lowenstein L, Lalonde M, Deschenes EB, Shapiro L. Vitamin B12 in pregnancy and the puerperium. Am J Clin Nutr 1960;8:26575.
19. Baker SJ, Jacob E, Rajan KT, Swaminathan SP. Vitamin-B12 deficiency in pregnancy and the puerperium. Br Med J 1962;1:165861.
20. Killander A, Vahlquist B. The vitamin B12 concentration in serum from term and premature infants. Nord Med 1954;51:7779.
21. Baker H, Thind IS, Frank O, DeAngelis B, Caterini H, Lquria DB. Vitamin levels in low-birth-weight newborn infants and their mothers. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1977;129:5214.
22. Okuda K, Helliger AE, Chow BF. Vitamin B12 serum level and pregnancy. Am J Clin Nutr 1956;4:4403.
23. Baker H, Frank O, Deangelis B, Feingold S, Kaminetzky HA. Role of placenta in maternal-fetal vitamin transfer in humans. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1981;141:7926.
24. Giugliani ERJ, Jorge SM, Goncalves AL. Serum vitamin B12 levels in parturients, in the intervillous space of the placenta and in full-term newborns and their interrelationships with folate levels. Am J Clin Nutr 1985;41:3305.
25. Giles C. An account of 335 cases of megaloblastic anaemia of pregnancy and the puerperium. J Clin Pathol 1966;19:111.
26. Roberts PD, James H, Petrie A, Morgan JO, Hoffbrand AV. Vitamin B12 status in pregnancy among immigrants to Britain. Br Med J 1973;3:6772.
27. Dostalova L. Correlation of the vitamin status between mother and newborn during delivery. Dev Pharmacol Ther 1982;4(Suppl 1):4557.
28. McGarry JM, Andrews J. Smoking in pregnancy and vitamin B12 metabolism. Br Med J 1972;2:747.
29. Heaton D. Another case of megaloblastic anemia of infancy due to maternal pernicious anemia. N Engl J Med 1979;300:2023.
30. Varadi S. Pernicious anaemia and infertility. Lancet 1967;2:1305.
31. Jackson IMD, Doig WB, McDonald G. Pernicious anaemia as a cause of infertility. Lancet 1967;2:105960.
32. Chaudhuri S. Vitamin B12 in megaloblastic anaemia of pregnancy and tropical nutritional macrocytic anaemia. Br Med J 1951;2:8258.
33. Patel JC, Kocher BR. Vitamin B12 in macrocytic anaemia of pregnancy and the puerperium. Br Med J 1950;1:9247.
34. Parr JH, Ramsay I. The presentation of osteomalacia in pregnancy. Case report. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1984;91:8168.
35. Streiff RR, Little AB. Folic acid deficiency as a cause of uterine hemorrhage in pregnancy. J Clin Invest 1965;44:1102.
36. Streiff RR, Little AB. Folic acid deficiency in pregnancy. N Engl J Med 1967;276:7769.
37. Whiteside MG, Ungar B, Cowling DC. Iron, folic acid and vitamin B12 levels in normal pregnancy, and their influence on birth-weight and the duration of pregnancy. Med J Aust 1968;1:33842.
38. Shepard TH. Catalog of Teratogenic Agents. 3rd ed. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980:3489.
39. Schorah CJ, Smithells RW, Scott J. Vitamin B12 and anencephaly. Lancet 1980;1:880.
40. Ampola MG, Mahoney MJ, Nakamura E, Tanaka K. Prenatal therapy of a patient with vitamin-B12-responsive methylmalonic acidemia. N Engl J Med 1975;293:3137.
41. Morrow G III, Schwarz RH, Hallock JA, Barness LA. Prenatal detection of methylmalonic acidemia. J Pediatr 1970;77:1203.
42. Samson RR, McClelland DBL. Vitamin B12 in human colostrum and milk. Acta Paediatr Scand 1980;69:939.
43. Deodhar AD, Rajalakshmi R, Ramakrishnan CV. Studies on human lactation. Part III. Effect of dietary vitamin supplementation on vitamin contents of breast milk. Acta Paediatr Scand 1964;53:428.
44. Thomas MR, Kawamoto J, Sneed SM, Eakin R. The effects of vitamin C, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 supplementation on the breast milk and maternal status of well-nourished women. Am J Clin Nutr 1979;32:167985.
45. Sneed SM, Zane C, Thomas MR. The effects of ascorbic acid, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and folic acid supplementation on the breast milk and maternal nutritional status of low socioeconomic lactating women. Am J Clin Nutr 1981;34:133846.
46. Sandberg DP, Begley JA, Hall CA. The content, binding, and forms of vitamin B12 in milk. Am J Clin Nutr 1981;34:171724.
47. Ford JE, Zechalko A, Murphy J, Brooke OG. Comparison of the B vitamin composition of milk from mothers of preterm and term babies. Arch Dis Child 1983;58:36772.
48. Lampkin BC, Shore NA, Chadwick D. Megaloblastic anemia of infancy secondary to maternal pernicious anemia. N Engl J Med 1966;274:116871.
49. Jadhav M, Webb JKG, Vaishnava S, Baker SJ. Vitamin-B12 deficiency in Indian infants: a clinical syndrome. Lancet 1962;2:9037.
50. Lampkin BC, Saunders EF. Nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency in an infant. J Pediatr 1969;75:10535.
51. Higginbottom MC, Sweetman L, Nyhan WL. A syndrome of methylmalonic aciduria, homocystinuria, megaloblastic anemia and neurologic abnormalities in a vitamin B12-deficient breast-fed infant of a strict vegetarian. N Engl J Med 1978;299:31723.
52. Frader J, Reibman B, Turkewitz D. Vitamin B12 deficiency in strict vegetarians. N Engl J Med 1978;299:1319.
53. Fleiss PM, Douglass JM, Wolfe L. Vitamin B12 deficiency in strict vegetarians. N Engl J Med 1978;299:1319.
54. Hershaft A. Vitamin B12 deficiency in strict vegetarians. N Engl J Med 1978;299:131920.
55. Nyhan WL. Vitamin B12 deficiency in strict vegetarians. N Engl J Med 1978;299:1320.
56. Abdulla M, Aly KO, Andersson I, Asp NG, Birkhed D, Denker I, Johansson CG, Jagerstad M, Kolar K, Nair BM, Nilsson-Ehle P, Norden A, Rassner S, Svensson S, Akesson B, Ockerman PA. Nutrient intake and health status of lactovegetarians: chemical analyses of diets using the duplicate portion sampling technique. Am J Clin Nutr 1984;40:32538.
57. Sklar R. Nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency in a breast-fed infant of a vegan-diet mother. Clin Pediatr 1986;25:21921.
58. Committee on Drugs, American Academy of Pediatrics. The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics 1994;93:13750.
    
    

Questions and Answers

What is a safe amount of iron and vitamin b12 to take when pregnant?

I'm 17 weeks pregnant and want to see if taking an iron and vitamin b12 supplement will make me feel a little better. I've tried taking things like pregnacare, but they make me sick so I figure I may be better off taking supplements.

What is a safe amount of each of these for me to take?

Thanks in advance!
=]

Your doctor is the best person to advise you, but I know that B6 is much more important than B12 during pregnancy. My doctor told me to take 100mg of B6 twice daily.

Is it possible to take too much vitamin B12?

I read pregnant women are often B12 deficient and should take a supplement. I have been taking 100 mcg supplements the past few days but I recently read you only need about 2,6 mcg a day! WIll it simply be eliminated like Vitamin C or should I be worried?

Vitamins A,D,E,K are the fat soluble ones. Others are water soluble. To my knowledge, none of the water soluble ones are stored to unsafe levels. They just make your urine very expensive!

please help! if i've been taking ginseng and vitamin b12 is that going to hurt my baby if i'm pregnant??

I drink a lot of energy drinks and sometimes take either a 300 mg ginseng or 1000 mcg vit. b12, I'm late on my period and i'm wondering if that can hurt my baby if i am pregnant??? thanks for answers!

Knock off the energy drinks... they are empty calories and too many a day can be more harmful than good.

The ginseng is just fine in pregnany! B12 is a naturally occuring vitamin in food and is only a supplement... it is just fine to take but make sure the specific form you are taking it in is compatible with other things you put in your body, so check with a pharmacist to see what is compatible with what, but it should be just fine.

Is it safe to take a Prenatal vitamin along with a B12 vitamin and Cranberry supplement everyday?

The Prenatal vitamin brand is Spring Valley. It has:
Vitamin A - 4000 I.U
Vit. C - 120 mg
Vit. D - 400 I.U
Vit. E - 30 I.U
Thiamin (Vit. B1) - 1.8 mg
Riboflavin (Vit. B12) - 1.7 mg
Niacin - 20 mg
Vit. B6 - 2.6 mg
Folic Acid - 800 mcg
Vit. B12 - 8 mcg
Calcium - 200 mg
Iron - 28 mg
Zinc - 25 mg

The Vitamin B12 I'm taking in a different pill is the same brand with:
B-12 - 1 mg (1000 mcg)
Calcium - 30 mg

The Cranberry I take (for kidneys) is AZO brand and it has 900 mg of Natural Cranberry Powder.

I am not pregnant, I am taking these for health and energy (B12). What's the difference in the two B12's in the prenatal and the seperate B12 pill? Is that too much? Does B12 really give you more energy? I am also taking Phenteremine 37.5 mg. I have been taking it for two weeks, with great results. Since it kills my appetite, I am going to start taking these pills. Let me know if it's okay, or if I should quit.

There are no problems with the supplements you are taking in combination.
But it is highly unlikely that you have a B-12 deficiency - it's sort of an 'urban myth' that B-12 will give people more energy. When you have anemia from a B-12 deficiency you can feel tired, and correcting that will make you feel you have more energy, but the same isn't true when you take extra B-12 when you're normal. (B-12 is found in meat, eggs, and milk products - unless you are a pure vegan, you've probably got normal levels, and B-12 is the only B vitamin stored by the body.)
Keep taking the multiple vitamin and the cranberry, but save your money on the B-12 supplement.

will vitamin B12 affects on me trying to get pregnant?

I was having vitamin B12 injections and I asked the nurse this very question, and she said it shouldn't have any adverse affects as it's a vitamin and your body expels anything it doesn't need. I finished my jabs a few weeks ago and I'm now just newly pregnant (found out yesterday). Good luck!

I have high level of vitamin B12 & symptoms are getting worst?

i'm so worried. my vit. B12 level is around 1,200 & my neurologist insist that it's not alarmingly high! but the symptoms persist w/c runs for years now: fatigue, memory loss, dry skin, falling hair, forgetfulness. what shall i do & what causes my B12 this high? i'm not taking multivit. at all except folic acid (i'm trying to get pregnant), vit.c a & calcium. any thoughts?

I have no idea, but I have the same problem. My B12 levels go high then I get extreme fatigue, and a bunch of neurological problems and massive headaches. Then my levels return to normal and I'm fine. But this makes no sense because the problems should only happen when the levels are low. So far we haven't been able to find anything yet either. I'm also not taking any vitamins and I don't even eat a lot of meat so we are completely out of ideas. I'm going to see a different doctor in 2 weeks, so hopefully that will bring some light to the situation. Best of luck!!

What will happen if I take prenatal vitamins even if I am not pregnant?

I am anemic and since I am a vegetarian, I want to take vitamins that are very rich in iron and vitamin B12 along with everything else (calcium, Vitamin C, etc.). I heard that prenatal vitamins have that. If I take those even though I am not pregnant, will anything bad happen to me? I'm 16 y.o. if that makes a difference.

nothing bad should happen to you.. i have a friend at work that takes them and she is not pregnant... she is doing fine.. it helps with the minerals in your body!!

I'm thinking of taking prenatals for hair/etc (not pregnant). Is this vitamin safe?

I know it's important not to go crazy with the iron and some other nutrients if you aren't pregnant. This one seems reasonable to me, is there anything I should be concerned about?

http://www.ihealthtree.com/vegan-prenata...

Supplement Facts:
Serving Size 1 Tablet
Vitamin A (Beta Carotene) 3750 IU 75%
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) 120 MG 200%
Vitamin D2 400 IU 100%
Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acetate) 60 IU 200%
Vitamin K 20 MCG 25%
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Mononitrate) 12.5 MG 833%
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) 12.5 MG 735%
Vitamin B3 (Niacinimide, Niacin) 45 MG 225%
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hcl) 12.5 MG 625%
Folic Acid 800 MCG 200%
Vitamin B12 100 MCG 1666%
Biotin 150 MCG 50%
Vitamin B5 (D-Calcium Pantothenate) 25 MG 250%
Calcium (di-Calcium Phosphate) 100 MG 10%
Iron (Amino Acid Chelate) 21 MG 117%
Phosphorus (di-Calcium Phosphate) 75 MG 7.5%
Iodine (Kelp) 150 MCG 100%
Magnesium (Oxide) 20 MG 5%
Zinc (Oxide) 15 MG 100%
Selenium 70 MCG 100%
Copper(Gluconate) 2 MG 100%
Manganese(Sulphate) 2 MG 100%
Chromium 120 MCG 100%
Molybdenum 75 MCG 100%
Boron (Citrate) 1 MG *
Choline (Bitartrate) 50 MG *
Inositol (Nicotinate) 10 MG *
Lutein 50 MCG *
PABA 10 MG *
Citrus Bioflavinoids 10 MG *
Pectin 10 MG *
Betaine Hcl 10 MG *
Alfaalfa (leaf) Medicago Sativa 5 MG *
Chamomile (leaf) Matricaria Recutita 5 MG *
Rose Hips Rosa Canina 5 MG *
Acercola Extract Malphighia Giabra 500 MCG *
* Daily Value Not Established

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Stearic Acid, Croscarmellose Sodium, Vegetable Stearate, Silica. (All of the ingredients are from plant or mineral sources)

B12 might be a problem.

From wiki: The Dietary Reference Intake for an adult ranges from 2 to 3 µg (micrograms) per day. Vitamin B-12 is believed to be safe when used orally in amounts that do not exceed the recommended dietary allowance (RDA). The RDA for vitamin B-12 in pregnant women is 2.6 µg per day and 2.8 µg during lactation periods. There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of consuming greater amounts of Vitamin B-12 during pregnancy.

Your prenatal vitamin has 100 micrograms of B12. You may want to do some research of your own into this, to see if this is something you want to try.

Will the vitamin B12/HCG injection cause me to have a positive pregnancy test?

I have been taking the diet drug Bontril and having a b12/hcg invection once a week for a month..I am late on my period and I took a pregnancy test today, and it came up positive. Will this b12 shot with the hcg cause me to have a positive pregnancy test or am I pregnant??NEED HELP

It could. I am not 100% sure. I have known many women to take HPT tests and come out wrong because of different reasons. I would contact a doctor and see if they can get you an appointment. They will take a blood test and let you know for certain.