VASOPRESSIN
Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation.
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Name: VASOPRESSIN
Class: Pituitary Hormone
Risk Factor: B
Fetal Risk Summary
No reports linking the use of vasopressin with congenital defects have been located. Vasopressin and the structurally related synthetic polypeptides, desmopressin and lypressin, have been used during pregnancy to treat diabetes insipidus, a rare disorder (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and 10). Desmopressin has also been used at delivery in three women for the management of von Willebrand disease (11). No adverse effects on the newborns were reported.
A 3-fold increase of circulating levels of endogenous vasopressin has been reported for women in the last trimester and in labor as compared with nonpregnant women (12). Although infrequent, the induction of uterine activity in the 3rd trimester has been reported after IM and intranasal vasopressin (13). The IV use of desmopressin, which is normally given intranasally, has also been reported to cause uterine contractions (4).
Two investigators speculated that raised levels of vasopressin resulted from hypoxemia and acidosis and could produce signs of fetal distress (bradycardia and meconium staining) (14).
A 1995 Reference described the use of desmopressin during pregnancy in 42 women with diabetes insipidus, 29 of whom received the drug throughout the whole pregnancy (15). One patient, treated with vasopressin during the first 6 months and then changed to desmopressin, delivered an infant who had a ventricular septal defect, a patent ductus arteriosus, and simian lines. The child died at age 14 years because of hypophyseal disease. Three of the infants exposed throughout gestation to desmopressin had birth weights close to or outside of the 99% confidence interval (two low and one high). The authors concluded that the use of desmopressin throughout pregnancy did not constitute a major fetal risk (15).
Diabetes insipidus developed in a 14-year-old girl at 33 weeks' gestation with resulting oligohydramnios and an amniotic fluid index of 0 (16). She was treated with intranasal desmopressin, 10 µg twice daily, with rapid resolution of the oligohydramnios and eventual, spontaneous delivery of a healthy, 2700-g male infant at 38 weeks.
Breast Feeding Summary
Patients receiving vasopressin, desmopressin, or lypressin for diabetes insipidus have been reported to breast-feed without apparent problems in the infant (1,2). Experimental work in lactating women suggests that suckling almost doubles the maternal blood concentration of vasopressin (12).
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References
- Hime MC, Richardson JA. Diabetes insipidus and pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Surv 1978;33:375–9.
- Hadi HA, Mashini IS, Devoe LD. Diabetes insipidus during pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia. A case report. J Reprod Med 1985;30:206–8.
- Phelan JP, Guay AT, Newman C. Diabetes insipidus in pregnancy: a case review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978;130:365–6.
- van der Wildt B, Drayer JIM, Eske TKAB. Diabetes insipidus in pregnancy as a first sign of a craniopharyngioma. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1980;10:269–74.
- Ford SM Jr. Transient vasopressin-resistant diabetes insipidus of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1986;68:288–9.
- Ford SM Jr, Lumpkin HL III. Transient vasopressin-resistant diabetes insipidus of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1986;68:726–8.
- Rubens R, Thiery M. Case report: diabetes insipidus and pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1987;26:265–70.
- Hughes JM, Barron WM, Vance ML. Recurrent diabetes insipidus associated with pregnancy: pathophysiology and therapy. Obstet Gynecol 1989;73:462–4.
- Goolsby L, Harlass F. Central diabetes insipidus: a complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996;174:1655–7.
- Stubbe E. Pregnancies in diabetes insipidus. Geburtsh und Frauenheilk 1994;54:111–3.
- Swanbeck J, Baxi L, Hurlet AM. DDAVP in the management of Von Willebrand's disease in pregnancy (abstract). Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992;166:427.
- Robinson KW, Hawker RW, Robertson PA. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the human female. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1957;17:320–2.
- Oravec D, Lichardus B. Management of diabetes insipidus in pregnancy. Br Med J 1972;4:114–5.
- Gaffney PR, Jenkins DM. Vasopressin: mediator of the clinical signs of fetal distress. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1983;90:987.
- Kallen BA, Carlsson SS, Bengtsson BKA. Diabetes insipidus and use of desmopressin (Minirin) during pregnancy. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:144–6.
- Hanson RS, Powrie RO, Larson L. Diabetes insipidus in pregnancy: a treatable cause of oligohydramnios. Obstet Gynecol 1997;89:816–7.
Q&A about Vasopressin
There is no evidence of diabetes after many tests and there is not excessive urination at night. The sleep disturbances have not been helped with "sleep hygiene" methods. There is very vivid dreaming and recall. The thirst is high-moderate at all times with bouts of sudden great thrist, which if not eleviated quickly cause dizziness. There is also a history of brain trauma.
http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pat...
A lack of vasopressin should cause polyuria (excessive urination) which is required to avoid brain damage during to the excess of water ingested because of the bursts of thirsts. You say you have an history of brain damage, which might suggest that this regulation is missing in your body.
While there is evidence that a lack of vasopressin can cause excessive nocturnal urination, nothing suggests that this hormone can cause similar symptoms "per-se". I would rather think that your insomnia is of a nervous origin. Try seeking for help with psycotherapy or hipnosis. Yoga and herbal remedies could also help a bit.
I suffer from insomnia too and, although if I lay awake in my bed I tend to visit the bathroom often, I don´t really "need" to empy the bladder, it is just an anxiety-related response.
Good luck
or decrease?
"One of the most important roles of AVP is to regulate the body's retention of water, being released when the body is dehydrated; it causes the kidneys to conserve water, concentrating the urine, and reducing urine volume. It also raises blood pressure by inducing moderate vasoconstriction. In addition, it has a variety of neurological effects on the brain, having been found, for example, to influence pair-bonding in voles.
A very similar substance, lysine vasopressin (LVP) or lypressin, has the same function in pigs and is often used in human therapy."
serotonin and dopamine are amines....while oxytocin and vasopressin are peptide,
serotonin and dopamine are synthesized in the cytoplasm of locus ceruleus and substantia nigra repectively....while oxytocin and vasopressin are synthesied only the hypothalamus( para ventriculara nmd supra optic nuclei respectively)
so u see there is much in common of oxytocin and vasopressin. serotonin and doapmine have few things in common themselves
I don't have diabetes or anything that accounts for the thirst: I drink plenty of water but occasionally get "overcome" with thirst. Every way you can describe insomnia I experience and "sleep hygiene" tricks have not helped much. Melatonin gives me a headache. I am NOT looking for a diagnosis, I am just curious if there are any connections.
http://abcnews.go.com/Primetime/Story?id...
Have you ever had a head injury that could have caused the same condition this girl has?
I have an illness called Diabetes Insipidus (central/ neurogenic), which is caused by my pituitary gland not producing vasopressin....and i was wondering if vasopressin is used for anything else in the body.
( I am a qualified Doctor). Naturally vassopressin(ADH) is for:
# conservation of water inside the body,
#Stimulation of thirst,
# some help in maintainig blood pressure when there is acute blood loss, as in accidents.
There is some other natural hormone called oxytocin. IT is very similar to ADH but with completely different actions.Oxytocin:
#help express milk to the expecting suckling baby,
#some help in labour.
THe functions of oxytocin in males is/was not known,( My information in this regard has not been updated recently)
Please belle do not miss your appointments with your doctors and always make sure that you carry one or two litres of water with you wherever you are going. Make it a habit. You may never need it but you may use it < when you are reaching your destination> to wash a dirty spot or to irrigate some flower,ETC,ETC,ETC...........
a.)vasopressin
b) aldosterone
c) cortisol
d) or epinephrine?
I understand that oxytocin and vasopressin play a role in attachment, but what is the difference between the two. I know oxytocin plays a major role in female bonding with infants, but does it play a role in attachment with their partner too, what about vasopressin for females. what does oxytocin and vasopressin do for males?
Oxytocin is released in both men and women in many social situations involving trust, friendship, parenting and the love for a partner.
Oxytocin has been proven to play a role in maternal behavior and monogamy in animals, particularly the prairie vole. It's generally assumed, but not demonstrated, that it plays a similar role in human bonding.
In humans, oxytocin has proven to increase feelings of trust among men.
Scientists are not sure about the role of vasopressin, but it definitely influences parental behavior in the male. In rodents, it increases the tendency to guard the nest and also to retrieve wandering pups.
They used to think that oxytocin influenced female bonding and vasopressin did the same for males, but more recent research, especially by Karen Bales at UC Davis, shows that it's more complicated than that.
One intriguing fact is that in humans during sex, oxytocin release peaks in women at orgasm. In men, oxytocin peaks during arousal, while vasopressin peaks at orgasm. (This could explain why women want to cuddle after sex, while men want to jump up and do something -- if they don't fall asleep.)
