Phenolphthalein
Risk Factor: C
Class: GASTROINTESTINAL AGENTS
/ Laxatives/Purgatives
Contents of this page:
Fetal Risk Summary
Breast Feeding Summary
References
Questions and Answers
Fetal Risk Summary
The mechanism of action of the laxative phenolphthalein is similar to that of the anthraquinone purgatives (i.e., cascara sagrada, casanthranol, danthron, and senna). Small amounts of the laxative are absorbed into the systemic circulation. It is not known if the drug crosses the placenta, although the molecular weight is low enough (approximately 318) for placental transfer to occur. No studies describing the use of phenolphthalein in experimental animals have been found.
Phenolphthalein was used by 236 mother-child pairs during the 1st trimester (1, pp. 384387) and 806 anytime during pregnancy (1, pp. 442, 497) in the Collaborative Perinatal Project. No evidence was found to associate the use of this drug with major or minor malformations.
Breast Feeding Summary
Phenolphthalein that had undergone conjugation, but not unmetabolized phenolphthalein, was excreted into breast milk in concentrations up to 1.0 g/mL after a single 200- to 800-mg dose in 22 lactating women (2). Bowel movements occurred in 16 of the women after the dose, but none of the nursing infants had diarrhea. The possibility that conjugated phenolphthalein may undergo deconjugation in the infant's bowel and, thus by implication, produce diarrhea in the infant, has concerned some investigators (3). However, no reports of adverse effects following use of this product during nursing have been located.
References
- Heinenon OP, Slone D, Shapiro S. Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy. Littleton, MA:Publishing Sciences Group, 1977.
- Burgess DE. Constipation in obstetrics. In Jones FA, Godding EW, eds. Management of Constipation. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1972:17688. As cited by Leng-Peschlow E. Risk assessment for senna during pregnancy. Pharmacology 1992;44(Suppl 1):202.
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Odenthal KP, Ziegler D. In vitro effects of anthraquinones on rat intestine and uterus. Pharmacology 1988;36(Suppl 1):5765.
Questions and Answers
phenolphthalein?, I have a phenolphthalein powder and i nead to make a solution of it, but i dont know what liquid to use.
please answer
Water; infact phenolphtalein is used as acid-base indicator in titrations in acqueous solvent.
Does anyone know how much phenolphthalein powder I need to make the solution phenolphthalein pH indicator?, I am doing an experiment for soccer camp tomorrow morning. Help! I have sodium carbonate powder and phenolphthalein powder. I need to make it look like water turns to blood, and then blow through a straw to make it turn back to clear again.
Preparation of phenolphthalein, 0.5%.
Prepare 100 mL of solution by dissolving 0.5 g phenolphthalein in 60 mL ethyl alcohol and dilute to 100 mL with water.
http://www.chymist.com/phenolphthalein%2...
what characteristic of phenolphthalein make it appropriet to use in a titration lab?, can you do the lab without it?? and how does phenolphthalein's end point relate to the equivalence point of hte reaction?
Phenolphthalein has a very predictable color change, turning pink at pH 8.2. This is useful for titration because it's a very easy way to determine the moment the pH changes.
Can you do a lab without it? I suppose it depends on the lab. If you want your solution to be a precise pH, you could repeatedly test it with litmus paper, or use an electric pH reader, but the easiest way to do it is with a chemical indicator.
Not sure what you mean by "end point" -- but if you mean the point at which it changes to pink -- the equivalence of an acid/base reaction is directly related to the pH. Knowing that your solution is precisely at pH 8.2 enables you to determine the concentration of Hydronium (H3O) and Hydroxide (OH) ions.
What is the balanced chemical equation for phenolphthalein and sodium carbonate?, I need to find the balanced chemical reaction for phenolphthalein and sodium carbonate as well as the following reactions...Can you help?
sucrose + iodine
calcium carbonate + iodine
sodium bicarbonate + vinegar
sucrose + iodine (No reaction)
calcium carbonate + iodine (No reaction)
NaHCO3 + CH3COOH -> CH3COONa + H2O + CO2
When phenolphthalein turns pink in solution what does it indicate?, 3 drops of phenolphthalein in cold water and metal was added to this solution and the water turned pink. What does this indicate?
it indicates a few things actually!
it indicates in terms of acids an bases that the pH of the solution after the metal was added is higher than 10.
and in terms of what that " metal was" the metal has to have been a alkali metal because it would have to have formed a strong base on contact with the water
for example sodium metal in water forms sodium hydroxide which dissociates to give Na+ and OH- which drives the pH high enough to set off the indicator
Having trouble explain this question regarding phenolphthalein with acid base titration?, If you have 50ml of clear and colorless solution that turns a bright pink when you add phenolphthalein to it, is it an acid or a base? If after adding 25ml of another solution, the pink color has faded and the solution is clear again, what was added to the solution? Was the added solution more or less concentrated than the original solution? Explain.
Obviously if it turns pink its a base. The added solution was an acid, but what I don't understand is what they mean if the added acid solution was more concentrated or not than the original solution and explaining it.
Thanks.
Compare the volumes needed to change the color. Only 25 mL of the second solution was needed to neutralize 50 mL of the original base. Therefore, the second solution is more concentrated in H+ than the first one was in OH-.
How to use phenolphthalein and bromothymol blue?, I am doing a chemistry assignment and just want to ensure that both phenolpthalein and bromothymol blue are dropped into an unknown solution (using an eyedropper) in order to indicate whether it is an acid or a base. Is this correct?
if you're checking HCl for example, get 2 separate beakers of it and put a few drops of indicator into each. phenol - can be either clear or pink.
What happens if too much phenolphthalein is added to a solution in a titration?, Does this have an effect on the final percent composition of the substance?
NO, it won't have a significant effect on the concentration of your substance if you have added too much phenolphthalein in the solution. Phenolphthalein is just an indicator. In neutralization reaction, the acid in your solution will be neutralized first. After all of the acid is neutralized, it is just then that your phenolphthalein will start reacting with the base giving a light pink color.
This is also the reason why end point using phenolphthalein indicator needs to be light pink. If the pink color becomes intense, it means that more of the phenolphthalein molecules has reacted with the base, which means too much base has been added (than the correct amount for neutralizing your acid) - giving an erroneous result in the computation for the acid concentration.
What happens when you add sugar to a solution of phenolphthalein and NaOH?, If you have a beaker with water and NaOH, and you put in a dialysis membrane with phenophthalein and water, the solution inside the membrane turns pink. What happens if you add 25 mL of sugar to this solution?
I don't think anything would happen. Sugar does not react with any of the contents to produce a chemical change.
The solution inside the membrane turns pink due to the ability of NaOH molecules to move across the membrane freely to interact with phenolphthalein.. The solution outside does not turn pink as the phenolphthalein molecules are too large to move out of the membrane's pores.
What is the formula for vinegar and phenolphthalein?, I am doing a chem project and i need help with some formulas.
Vinegar is about 5% acetic acid in water CH3COOH 5% , 95% H20
Phenolphthalein is: 3,3-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)
phthalide; 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-
1(3H)-isobenzofuranore
Chemical Formula: C20H14O4
