Oxycodone
Risk Factor: BM*
Class: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS
/ Narcotic Agonist Analgesics
Contents of this page:
Fetal Risk Summary
Breast Feeding Summary
References
Questions and Answers
Fetal Risk Summary
Oxycodone is a narcotic analgesic available as a single agent or in combination with nonnarcotic analgesics, such as acetaminophen or aspirin. Reproduction studies in rats and rabbits at doses up to 4 and 60 times the human dose of 120 mg/day in a 60 kg adult (0.7 and 19 times the human dose based on mg/m2), respectively, found no evidence of fetal harm (1).
The Collaborative Perinatal Project monitored 50,282 mother-child pairs, 8 of which had 1st-trimester exposure to oxycodone (2). No evidence was found to suggest a relationship to large categories of major or minor malformations or to individual defects.
In a surveillance study of Michigan Medicaid recipients involving 229,101 completed pregnancies conducted between 1985 and 1992, 281 newborns had been exposed to oxycodone during the 1st trimester (F. Rosa, personal communication, FDA, 1993). A total of 13 (4.6%) major birth defects were observed (12 expected), including (observed/expected) 3/3 cardiovascular defects and 1/1 hypospadias. No anomalies were observed in four other defect categories (oral clefts, spina bifida, polydactyly, and limb reduction defects) for which specific data were available. These data do not support an association between the drug and congenital defects.
At a 1996 meeting, data was presented on 118 women using oxycodone (N=78) or hydrocodone (N=40) during the 1st trimester for postoperative pain, general pain, or upper respiratory infection who were matched with a similar group using codeine for these purposes (3). Six (5.1%) of the infants exposed to oxycodone or hydrocodone had malformations, an odds ratio of 2.61 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.611.5) (p=0.13). There was no pattern evident among the six malformations.
[*Risk Factor D if used for prolonged periods or in high doses at term.]
Breast Feeding Summary
Oxycodone is excreted into human breast milk. Six healthy postpartum women received a combination product of oxycodone and acetaminophen, one or two capsules every 47 hours, while breast-feeding their newborn infants (4). Maternal plasma levels were in the expected range of 14 to 35 ng/mL, and milk concentrations ranged from <5 to 226 ng/mL. Peak milk concentrations occurred 1.52.0 hours after the first dose, then at variable times after multiple doses. Although a large degree of variability was present, the mean milk:plasma ratio was 3.4:1. No mention was made of any effects observed in the nursing infants.
Although occasional maternal doses of oxycodone for analgesia probably present a minimal risk for adverse effects during nursing, infants should be monitored for gastrointestinal effects, sedation, and changes in feeding patterns.
References
- Product information. Oxycontin. Purdue Frederick, 1997.
- Heinonen OP, Slone D, Shapiro S. Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy. Littleton, MA: Publishing Sciences Group, 1977:287.
- Schick B, Hom M, Tolosa J, Librizzi R, Donnfeld A. Preliminary analysis of first trimester exposure to oxycodone and hydrocodone (abstract). Presented at the Ninth International Conference of the Organization of Teratology Information Services, Salt Lake City, Utah, May 24, 1996. Reprod Toxicol 1996;10:162.
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Marx CM, Pucino F, Carlson JD, Driscoll JW, Ruddock V. Oxycodone excretion in human milk in the puerperium (abstract). Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1986;20:474.
Questions and Answers
is it safe for a pregnant or breastfeeding lady to take oxycodone? is it safe for a pregnant or breastfeeding woman to take the pain pill oxycodone?
Yes, it is ok as long as prescribed by a doctor. I was given tylenol with codeine, then vicodin, then percocet (which is oxycodone plus tylenol) while pregnant for migranes. It isn't a high dose, and is it supposed to be taken as sparingly as I can, but I was told as long as I am not taking it within 24 hours of delivery, or in high doses for a long portion of pregnancy, it will not harm the baby.
If you take a high dose, or for a long period of time, the baby can be addicted. If taken close to delivery, it can cause problems with the baby's breathing. But, taking a low dose, as long as you are not close to delivery should be ok. Talk to your OB.
I am pregnant and having pain, my doctor perscribed me Oxycodone and Tylonal with Codeine is this safe? I am 35 weeks pregnant. I have been having lower abdominal pain for 3 weeks now. I was admitted to a University hospital and they can't find any cause for this pain. Since taking the medication my fluid levels have dropped to a 4.3. I am concerned with the effects of these drugs on my body and my babies body. If you have any information please let me know. I am switching doctors today because of poor care at my hospital.
i was in a car accident in my 1st trimester & they (knowing how far along i was) prescribed me vicadin. they know what they're doing. if it makes you uneasy, just try tylenol alone (that's what i did, my pain wasn't very bad after the first day)
i don't know if that helps, but good luck!
I been taking oxycodone while pregnant for the whole 5 montys i been preganat. what are the side affects .?
That is something that you should defiantly talk to your Dr. about.
I know that mine told me it was OK to take Vicodin..and I still didn't..that was a personal choice though. I didn't like the idea of putting narcotics in my body while pregnant.
My husband is taking Oxycodone 10/650 mg when I got pregnant will the baby be okay?
This is a question to direct to your family physician. While most of us non-doctors might answer that all should be well if he was on the medication at the time of conception you might need to look deeper.
Why is he taking the Oxycodone? Did he have a reason for taking a medication prescribed to him for a specific purpose or there is any sort of problem to be solved before parenthood becomes a reality?
My best to you and the "pea in the pod". :)
Gus
is it ok to take oxycodone while your pregnant?
Hell NO. Please do not do it. NOt even in first trimester. It would be like taking cocaine.
Is Oxycodone safe to use while I'm pregnant?( My husband threw them away when we were told it was harmful) I AM 32 WEEKS PREGNANT AND I AM ABOUT TO SEE MY DOCTOR IN JUST A FEW HOURS TO CONFRONT HIM ABOUT THE PRISCRIBTION HE HAD GIVEN TO ME ON 1/16/08 I HAVE BEEN HAVING CONTRACTIONS QUITE FREQUENTLY AND I'VE BEEN TO THE HOSPITAL SEVERAL TIMES SINCE JAN.14 2008. AT THE HOSPITAL THE KEEP GIVING ME TRIBUTILINE AND WHEN THEY ASK ME IF IM TAKING ANY MAEDICATIONS OTHER THAN MY PRE-NATAL PILLS ..I'LL TELL THEM I'M TAKING OXYCODONE....THEY LOOK AT ME LIKE I'M CRAZY. LAST NIGHT IT WAS ANOTHER TRIP TO THE HOSPITAL AND I WAS GIVEN THIS TIME A PILL FOR THE CONTRACTIONS OF WHAT WAS THE SAME AS TRIBUTILINE. THE NURSE ADVISED ME TO STOP TAKING OXYCODONE AT HOME BECAUSE SHE SAID IT WAS A NARCOTIC. IM NOT A STRONG BELIEVER IN TAKING ANYTHING WHILE PREGNANT BUT IT WAS EITHER THAT OR FEEL LIKE IM ABOUT TO HAVE A BABY EVERYOTHER WEEK. MONTHS HAVE PAST NOW AND I FEEL SO IRRISPONSIBLE FOR NOT LOOKING THIS UP. IS THIS SOMETHING THAT SHOULD HAVE BEEN TAKING? WAS HE WRONG TO GIVE ME THIS MEDICATION? PLEASE HELP
STOP TAKING IT NOW and i would try to find a new doctor
Im 9 weeks pregnant and I have a horrible ear infection, what can I do to ease the pain that is safe? I only have insurance related to my pregnancy so I cant see a regular doctor. I had an ear infection 2 months prior to getting pregnant and I recieved alot of medication from the doctor (when I had insurance) Of these Medications was Amoxicillin, Amox-Clav and Perciset (oxycodone). I have been taking the Amoxicillin assuming it is safe by research I have done online. Are the rest safe?
Call your ob/gyn. Don't self medicate!
I asked earlier, but Im trying again. Pregnant with a severe ear infection, what to do? Im 9 weeks pregnant and this ear infection is the worst thing ever! I cant eat, open my jaw, lay down or talk. My ear is swollen so bad that it is sticking out of my head. Very painful. I had the same thing 2 months before I got pregnant and I was given Amoxicillin Amox-Clav and Oxycodone. Any doctors or nurses out there??? Is the Amoxicillin or Amox-Clav safe to take. I have tried at home remidies, and aspirin, but NOTHING HELPS! I am in so much pain. I havent gone to my first doctor visit yet because the insurace needs to clear first. So seeing a doctor is not possible until next week. And the pain is so bad I cannot sleep or work. Please help me. Please!
I feel so sorry for you. Ear aches are some of the worst pain but try this get some sweet oil get it as warm as you can stand it and put 2 or 3 drops in your ear then soak a cotton ball with it and stick that in your ear but not to far and put a hot rag on it, see if that will help it did for my mother when she was preganent with me. Also there is a thing called ear candles at the health store they work really well just have to have some one help you with them but they will draw all the wax and any infection that you might have in your ear out. Good luck and congradulations on being a mom.
