MINOXIDIL
Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation.
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Name: MINOXIDIL
Class: Antihypertensive
Risk Factor: CM
Fetal Risk Summary
Minoxidil is a potent antihypertensive peripheral vasodilator. Information on its use in human pregnancy is very limited, with only four occurrences of fetal exposure located in the medical literature (1,2 and 3).
In one case, minoxidil was used throughout gestation, and no effect of this exposure was seen in the healthy newborn (1). A second case involved a mother with a history of renal artery stenosis and malignant hypertension who was treated throughout gestation with minoxidil, captopril, and propranolol (2). Three of her four previous pregnancies had ended in midgestation stillbirths. The most recent stillbirth, her fourth pregnancy, involved a 500-g male infant with low-set ears but no gross anomalies. The mother had been treated with the above regimen plus furosemide. In her second pregnancy, she had been treated only with hydrochlorothiazide, and she had delivered a normal term infant. No information was available on the first and third pregnancies, both of which ended in stillbirths. In her current pregnancy, daily doses of the three drugs were 10 mg, 50 mg, and 160 mg, respectively. The infant, delivered by cesarean section at 38 weeks' gestation, had multiple abnormalities, including an omphalocele (repaired on the 2nd day), pronounced hypertrichosis of the back and extremities, depressed nasal bridge, low-set ears, micrognathia, bilateral fifth finger clinodactyly, undescended testes, a circumferential midphallic constriction, a large ventriculoseptal defect, and a brain defect consisting of slightly prominent sulci, especially the basal cisterns and interhemispheric fissure. Growth retardation was not evident, but the weight (3170 g, 60th percentile), length (46 cm, 15th percentile), and head circumference (32.5 cm, 25th percentile) were disproportionate. Neurologic, skeletal, and kidney examinations were normal. Marked hypotension (30–50 mm Hg systolic) was present, which resolved after 24 hours. Heart rate, blood glucose, and renal function were normal. The infant's hospital course was marked by failure to thrive, congestive heart failure, prolonged physiologic jaundice, and eight episodes of hyperthermia (>38.5°C without apparent cause) between 2 and 6 weeks of age. The hypertrichosis, which was much less prominent at 2 months of age, is a known side effect of minoxidil therapy in both children and adults, and the condition in this infant was thought to be caused by that drug (2). The cause of the other defects could not be determined, but a chromosomal abnormality was excluded based on a normal male karyotype (46,XY) determined after a midgestation amniocentesis.
Two additional cases of in utero exposure to minoxidil were reported to the FDA and published in 1987 (3). The first infant was the product of a 32-week gestation in a 22-year-old woman with severe uncontrolled renal hypertension who was treated during pregnancy with minoxidil, methyldopa, hydralazine, furosemide, and phenobarbital. The 1770-g infant died of congenital heart disease the day after delivery. Defects noted at autopsy were transposition of the great vessels and pulmonic bicuspid valvular stenosis. Hypertrichosis was not observed. No conclusions can be drawn on the cause of the cardiac defects. The second infant, delivered near term and weighing 3220 g, was exposed throughout gestation to minoxidil (5 mg/day) plus metoprolol (100 mg/day) and prazosin (20 mg/day). The mother had severe hypertension secondary to chronic nephritis. Hypertrichosis was evident in both the mother and the newborn, but no other abnormalities were noted in the infant. The excessive hair growth, which was longest in the sacral area, gradually disappeared during the following 2–3 months. Normal development was noted at 2 years of age.
Breast Feeding Summary
Minoxidil is excreted into breast milk (1). Levels in the milk ranged from 41.7 ng/mL (1 hour) to 0.3 ng/mL (12 hours), with milk:plasma ratios during this interval varying from 0.67 to 1.0. No adverse effects were observed in the infant. The American Academy of Pediatrics considers minoxidil to be compatible with breast feeding (4).
References
- Valdivieso A, Valdes G, Spiro TE, Westerman RL. Minoxidil in breast milk. Ann Intern Med 1985;102:135.
- Kaler SG, Patrinos ME, Lambert GH, Myers TF, Karlman R, Anderson CL. Hypertrichosis and congenital anomalies associated with maternal use of minoxidil. Pediatrics 1987;79:434–6.
- Rosa FW, Idanpaan-Heikkila J, Asanti R. Fetal minoxidil exposure. Pediatrics 1987;80:120.
- Committee on Drugs, American Academy of Pediatrics. The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics 1994;93:137–50.
Q&A about Minoxidil
How good is minoxidil for hair loss problem.
How does it help in regrowth and is there any side effects.
There are several forms of hair loss. If it is male pattern baldness (Androgenetic alopecia) then the hair loss cannot be fully cured in most cases, but just frozen for some time with the treatments availiable on market today.
1) Hair transplant (FUE technology) creates really natural hairline, no scars, the best way to go if you have enough donor hair and money of course.
2. Propecia (Finasteride) and Minoxidil are the only ones approved by FDA and proven to work in most men so far.
Generic Propecia (finasteride) is also ok. I use it with same results, and unfortunately same side efefcts(a bit dry feeling in the scalp) as brand propecia. Have tried lots of herbal crap before it and laser combs, so far the only thing that prevents my hairloss, not much regrowth, but has stopped my hairloss completely.
I buy from this pharmacy for the last 2 years - http://www.1rx.biz/generic_propecia.html . It is under $1 per pill for 1mg propecia.
also see
http://www.propecia.com
http://www.rogaine.com
But before you consider to start propecia you must really study about the side effects. It can mess your hormones real bad if you are not lucky, so you must choose, hair or these side effects. Quite a big perecent have these side effects, more than Merck - the company that holds
Propecia trademark is saying. see the link for side effects stories www.propeciahelp.com
I'm about to enter my 30's but my head has started balding quite rapidly.. I've heard about minoxidil but am worried that it will come with some "fun" side effects. Is it safe to play with my health or just suffer in silence?
Does minoxidil and finasteride help in re growth of hairs?
I m losing my hair too much. Pls help.
Which one of them is good for male and how much does it cost?
cases, but just frozen for some time with the treatments availiable on market today.
1) Hair transplant (FUE technology) creates really natural hairline, no scars, the best way to go if you have enough donor hair and money of
course.
2. Propecia (Finasteride) and Minoxidil are the only ones approved by FDA and proven to work in most men so far.
Generic Propecia (finasteride) is also ok. I use it with same results, and unfortunately same sides(a bit dry feeling in the scalp) as brand
propecia. Have tried lots of herbal crap before it and laser combs, so far the only thing that prevents my hairloss, not much regrowth, but
has stopped my hairloss completely.
I buy from this pharmacy for the last 2 years - http://www.savemoneyrx.net/generic_prope... . It is under $1 per pill as I buy the 90
pills. (89$ for 90)
i only have Minoxidil no other lotion, and now i have my right eyebrow looking bad because i fiddled with it using scissors, can i use Minoxidil with it ?, and about the Minoxidil itself for hair, when can i wash my hair after putting Minoxidil? how many hours should Minoxidil be on hair?
Hi im from london, uk. where can i buy (preferably not online) Propecia and Minoxidil? Thank You. Also how much for each for a month's use?
I've just bought this spary that contains minoxidil (2%) called "Hair back" and I read the pamphlet, it said not to use it if I suffer from blood pressure or heart disorders. It's a spray, I believe any side effects would only be to the skin? I don't really understand it how it can affect the heart or the blood pressure, I'm not swallowing it??! Can someone explain?
If a person uses minoxidil to stop hair loss for a length of time and then stops taking the drug, hair loss will occur again. Other side-effects include:
* acne on the area where it is being used as a topical solution
* headaches and/or lightheadedness
* very low blood pressure
* irregular or fast heart beat
* blurred vision or other vision problems
* decreased sexual desire
* partial, or complete, impotence
* numbness or tingling in the hands, feet or face
* rapid weight gain
* chest pain
Large amounts of minoxidil can cause hypotension
I am a female over the age of 50 and I have recently started using minoxidil (Rogaine for Women) on my scalp for my thinning hair. However, over the course of the past few weeks I have noticed significantly MORE hair loss (in noticeable clumps sometimes). Does Rogaine make you lose hair before you grow new ones? Is there any reason/solution for this other than stopping using the Rogaine (which I already have)?
I'm a 17-year-old boy who is sick of having a girly-looking face. By the way, "Menoxidil" is found on Rogaine products and is believed to boost the growth of facial hair. Please let me know anything concerning this worry of mine. Advice/response on your part will be appreciated.
Talk to the dudes on the beardboard.
Because I cant fit my underwear back on now.
Your Crown and Glory at a Whole Foods Store. I went online and read all about it and read testimonies from mostly women in their 50's and 60's. Sounds wonderful I ordered the shampoo and conditioner. It's all totally natural. I need to go back to her answer I will get the exact website address. Good luck