CLOTRIMAZOLE
Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation.
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Name: CLOTRIMAZOLE
Class: Antifungal Antibiotic
Risk Factor: B
Fetal Risk Summary
No reports linking the use of clotrimazole with congenital defects have been located. The topical use of the drug in pregnancy has been studied (1,2,3 and 4). No adverse effects attributable to clotrimazole were observed. Absorption of the agent from the skin and vagina is minimal (5).
Suspected birth defect diagnoses occurred in 6,564 offspring of 104,339 women in a retrospective analysis of women who had delivered in Michigan hospitals during 1980–1983 (6). First trimester vaginitis treatment with clotrimazole occurred in 74 of the 6,564 deliveries linked to birth defect diagnoses and in 1,012 of the 97,775 cases not linked to such diagnoses. The estimated relative risk of birth defects when clotrimazole was used was 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.9–1.4). Although an increased relative risk was not found, this study could not exclude the possibility of an association with a specific birth defect (6).
In a surveillance study of Michigan Medicaid recipients involving 229,101 completed pregnancies conducted between 1985 and 1992, 2,624 newborns had been exposed to clotrimazole (maternal vaginal use) during the 1st trimester (F. Rosa, personal communication, FDA, 1993). A total of 118 (4.5%) major birth defects were observed (112 expected). Specific data were available for six defect categories, including (observed/expected) 27/26 cardiovascular defects, 4/4 oral clefts, 3/1 spina bifida, 9/7 polydactyly, 1/4 limb reduction defects, and 6/6 hypospadias. These data do not support an association between vaginal use of clotrimazole and congenital defects.
Data from the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities (1980–1992) were used to examine the potential teratogenic effects of vaginal and/or topical use of clotrimazole (7). Although clotrimazole use was not associated with an increase in the prevalence of any birth defect (fetal and live births), there was a suggestion that it was associated with a decrease in the prevalence of undescended testis (prevalence odds ratio 0.72, 95% confidence interval 0.54–0.95 (7).
Breast Feeding Summary
The absorption of clotrimazole from the skin and vagina is minimal (5). Therefore, it is doubtful if measurable amounts of the antifungal agent appear in milk.
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References
- Tan CG, Good CS, Milne LJR, Loudon JDO. A comparative trial of six day therapy with clotrimazole and nystatin in pregnant patients with vaginal candidiasis. Postgrad Med 1974;50(Suppl 1): 102–5.
- Frerich W, Gad A. The frequency of Candida infections in pregnancy and their treatment with clotrimazole. Curr Med Res Opin 1977;4:640–4.
- Haram K, Digranes A. Vulvovaginal candidiasis in pregnancy treated with clotrimazole. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1978;57:453–5.
- Svendsen E, Lie S, Gunderson TH, Lyngstad-Vik I, Skuland J. Comparative evaluation of miconazole, clotrimazole and nystatin in the treatment of candidal vulvo-vaginitis. Curr Ther Res 1978;23: 666–72.
- Product information. Lotrimin. Schering, 2000.
- Rosa FW, Baum C, Shaw M. Pregnancy outcomes after first-trimester vaginitis drug therapy. Obstet Gynecol 1987;69:751–5.
- Czeizel AE, Toth M, Rockenbauer M. No teratogenic effect after clotrimazole therapy during pregnancy. Epidemiology 1999;10:437–40.
Q&A about Clotrimazole
I self-diagnosed thrush on my penis recently, 2 weeks ago I started using clotrimazole cream once a day sparingly on the underneath of my foreskin. There used to be red speckles on the head of my penis, these are gone now, but the red patch is still there, it used to be a darker red colour but has faded a little, but I can see redness appearing on the other side of my foreskin. How long before these symptoms disappear?
My cat has an allergic reaction to fleas and I went online and did a research on what to use, and the site I went to said that these creams were okay to use, however my cat licked the area that I treated and now she has a lot of saliva and I am wondering if anyone knows if this is harmful or fatal to cats?
Your cat is likely drooling because she doesn't like the taste. Cats will often drools or foam when we give them medicine that tastes nasty.
I've been given a Clotrimazole pessary and read online that it can reduce the effectiveness of latex condoms, but the nurse did not warn me about this at all and it does not mention it on the instructions leaflet, so do I need to worry? How would it damage them? Thanks!
Not to mention that it's probably just better to avoid vaginal sex altogether if you have an infection of sorts, as it can be painful and you can give a yeast infection to your partner (this is not uncommon; in fact, many times a girl will give her partner a yeast infection and they will just pass it back and forth to each other without realizing it).
will clotrimazole and betamethasone dipropionate cream treat a staph infection of the skin?
Please do you have CLOTRIMAZOLE as a tablet or capsule? If yes what is the name?
I know OTC clotrimazole is 1%, what percent clotrimazole does perscription Lotrisone (clotrimazole / betamethasone) contain?
please answer as waiting to use the cream if I can! I know the cream is for thrush but can it be used on a younger child?
many thanks to all who answer x x x x
Good luck
